Introduction to Deep Learning
Chapter 1: Neural Network Foundations
From Machine Learning to Deep Learning
Biological Inspiration: The Neuron
The Artificial Neuron: A Mathematical Model
The Perceptron: The Simplest Neural Network
Limitations of Single-Layer Perceptrons
Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs): Adding Depth
Hands-on Practical: Building a Simple Perceptron Model
Quiz for Chapter 1
Chapter 2: Activation Functions and Network Architecture
The Role of Activation Functions
Sigmoid Activation
Hyperbolic Tangent (Tanh) Activation
Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU)
Variants of ReLU (Leaky ReLU, PReLU, ELU)
Choosing the Right Activation Function
Understanding Network Layers: Input, Hidden, Output
Designing Feedforward Network Architectures
Hands-on Practical: Implementing Different Activations
Quiz for Chapter 2
Chapter 3: Training Neural Networks: Loss and Optimization
Measuring Performance: Loss Functions
Common Loss Functions for Regression (MSE, MAE)
Common Loss Functions for Classification (Cross-Entropy)
Optimization: Finding the Best Weights
Gradient Descent Algorithm
Learning Rate
Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)
Challenges with Gradient Descent
Hands-on Practical: Visualizing Gradient Descent
Quiz for Chapter 3
Chapter 4: Backpropagation and Advanced Optimization
Calculating Gradients: The Chain Rule
Computational Graphs
The Backpropagation Algorithm Explained
Forward Pass vs. Backward Pass
Gradient Descent with Momentum
RMSprop Optimizer
Adam Optimizer
Choosing an Optimization Algorithm
Hands-on Practical: Backpropagation Step-by-Step
Quiz for Chapter 4
Chapter 5: Building and Training Deep Neural Networks
Introduction to Deep Learning Frameworks (TensorFlow/Keras, PyTorch)
Setting up the Development Environment
Preparing Data for Neural Networks
Defining a Feedforward Network Model
Weight Initialization Strategies
Compiling the Model: Loss and Optimizer Selection
Training the Model: The fit Method
Monitoring Training Progress (Loss and Metrics)
Evaluating Model Performance
Hands-on Practical: Training a Classifier on MNIST
Quiz for Chapter 5
Chapter 6: Regularization and Improving Performance
The Problem of Overfitting
Regularization Techniques Overview
L1 and L2 Regularization
Dropout Regularization
Early Stopping
Batch Normalization
Hyperparameter Tuning Fundamentals
Strategies for Hyperparameter Search (Grid Search, Random Search)
Hands-on Practical: Applying Dropout and Early Stopping
Quiz for Chapter 6
Chapter 7: Introduction to Specialized Architectures
Limitations of Feedforward Networks
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): Motivation
Core CNN Operations: Convolution
Core CNN Operations: Pooling
Typical CNN Architecture
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs): Motivation
The Concept of Recurrence and Hidden State
Basic RNN Architecture
Challenges with Simple RNNs (Vanishing/Exploding Gradients)
Overview: LSTMs and GRUs
Quiz for Chapter 7
Variants of ReLU (Leaky ReLU, PReLU, ELU)
Was this section helpful?
- Delving Deep into Rectifiers: Surpassing Human-Level Performance on ImageNet Classification, Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, and Jian Sun, 2015 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1502.01852 - Introduces Parametric ReLU (PReLU) and provides a thorough analysis of ReLU and its variants, including Leaky ReLU.
- Fast and Accurate Deep Network Learning by Exponential Linear Units (ELUs), Djork-Arné Clevert, Thomas Unterthiner, and Sepp Hochreiter, 2016 International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1511.07289 - Presents the Exponential Linear Unit (ELU) activation function, discussing its properties and advantages for deep network training.
- Deep Learning, Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville, 2016 (MIT Press) - A foundational textbook offering detailed explanations of neural networks, activation functions, and deep learning architectures.
- Activation Functions, PyTorch Team, 2024 (PyTorch) - Official PyTorch documentation providing details and usage examples for various activation functions, including Leaky ReLU, PReLU, and ELU.