Digital Image Processing, Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, 2018 (Pearson) - This foundational textbook extensively covers the mathematical and algorithmic basis of digital image processing, including the concepts of pixels, sampling, quantization, and image resolution.
Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Richard Szeliski, 2022 (Springer) - A leading textbook in computer vision that introduces core concepts of image formation, including how digital images are represented, which assists in understanding resolution.
Computer Vision: A Modern Approach, David Forsyth and Jean Ponce, 2015 (Pearson) - Provides a comprehensive introduction to computer vision, detailing the principles of image acquisition, digital representation, and the role of resolution in image quality.