Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentation, Jonathan Long, Evan Shelhamer, and Trevor Darrell, 2015IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (IEEE)DOI: 10.1109/CVPR.2015.7298965 - The seminal paper introducing Fully Convolutional Networks, which established the paradigm of end-to-end semantic segmentation using CNNs and introduced the conversion of fully connected layers to convolutions and the use of skip connections.
U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation, Olaf Ronneberger, Philipp Fischer, and Thomas Brox, 2015Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2015, Vol. 9351 (Springer, Cham)DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1505.04597 - Presents an influential symmetric encoder-decoder architecture that refines the concept of skip connections for precise localization, building upon FCNs and achieving strong results, particularly in medical image segmentation.
CS231n: Convolutional Neural Networks for Visual Recognition, Fei-Fei Li, Justin Johnson, and Serena Yeung, 2017 - A highly respected university course offering comprehensive lecture notes and materials on convolutional neural networks, including detailed explanations of architectures like FCNs and related image segmentation techniques.